Contribution of proteomics to discovery of putative biomarkers for the study of beef color

Abstract

This review, based on data integration, focuses on the potential of proteomics to study beef color variation and protein biomarkers discovery. It discusses the molecular pathways and underlying mechanisms of beef color recently revealed by proteomics studies. The data-mining integromics of normal beef color gathered 79 putative biomarkers from 13 studies. The proteins belong to six interconnected molecular pathways: energy metabolism, responses to heat and oxidative stress, muscle structure, signaling, proteolysis and apoptosis. With a cut-off level ≥3 studies that identified a given protein, 27 potential biomarkers were shortlisted as robust from which β-enolase, peroxiredoxin 6, HSP27, phosphoglucomutase 1, superoxide dismutase and μ-calpain were consistently reported (cut-off level ≥5) by multiple studies as being differentially expressed and having a significant role in beef color.